Experimental pharmacology is a branch of pharmacology that deals with research on the effects of drugs and chemical compounds on living organisms and their organs, cells and biochemical processes. The methods used include tests on enzymes, tissue samples, cell cultures and animal testing. Experimental testing is usually carried out prior to clinical trials of a drug. Experimental pharmacology (German translation: experimentelle Pharmakologie) allows for a better understanding of drugs’ mechanisms of action, their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics as well as their potential therapeutic and toxic effects.

The most important aspects of experimental pharmacology include:

• Laboratory research: Experimental pharmacology involves carrying out laboratory experiments with living organisms (usually animals) or isolated organs and tissues (German: Gewebe) in order to investigate the effects of a drug.
• Biochemical studies: Study of the effects of drugs on biochemical processes in the body such as metabolism, interactions with enzymes and molecular signaling pathways.
• Pharmacological tests: Development and application of specific pharmacological tests and models to evaluate the effects of drugs on specific body systems.
• Toxicity evaluation: Investigation of the potentially toxic effects of drugs and chemical compounds.
• Studying mechanisms of action: Development of hypotheses about the effect of drugs on the body and research into these mechanisms.
• Evaluation of efficacy and safety: Determination of the efficacy and safety of a drug before it is clinically tested in humans.
• Pharmacogenetics (German translation: Pharmakogenetik): Study of how genetic factors can influence the body's response to drugs.

Experimental pharmacology is essential for the development of new drugs, the study of their efficacy and safety and the understanding of the mechanisms of action of drugs. It also helps to identify potential targets for new drugs and to optimize their dosage and administration.

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