Tablets are a form of single-dose dosage forms intended for peroral administration (i.e. taken orally). Tablets are solid disks or pressed forms that are usually produced by mixing the active pharmaceutical ingredients with excipients and pressing them in special machines called tablet presses.

Tablets can have different shapes, sizes, colors and textures depending on their intended use and manufacturing technology. There are several main types of tablets, including:

• Tablets: These tablets are intended to be swallowed, usually with water. They can be coated (film-coated tablets; German translation: Filmtabletten) or uncoated. Some tablets can be split using a score to halve the dose and make it easier to swallow.
• Orodispersible tablets (German: Schmelztabletten): These tablets dissolve in the mouth without having to be swallowed. They can be used for people who have difficulty swallowing whole tablets or for active pharmaceutical ingredients that are supposed to take effect particularly quickly, e.g. certain anticonvulsants.
• Chewable tablets (German: Kautabletten): These tablets are designed to be chewed before swallowing. They often have a pleasant taste and smell. No water is needed to take them, so they can also be used on the go or by children of a certain age.
• Extended-release tablets (German: Retardtabletten): These tablets are designed in such a way that, after administration, the active pharmaceutical ingredient is gradually released in the body so that the effect of the drug lasts longer. As a rule, they must not be split or crushed, as this would cause the active pharmaceutical ingredient to be released much faster than intended.

Tablets are a convenient and popular form of medication as they are easy to dose and administer and also usually have both a good level of stability and a long shelf life. However, they are not always suitable for all patients, especially not for children or people who have problems swallowing. In such cases, other dosage forms such as syrups (translation into German: Säfte), injections or suppositories are preferable.

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